About DLHS
The District Level Household & Facility Survey is one of the largest ever demography & health survey carried out in India, with a sample a size of about seven lakh household covering all the districts of the country. The ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MOHFW), Govt.of India, initiated DLHS in 1997 to provide district level estimates on health indicators to assists policy makers & program administrator in decentralized planning, monitoring & evaluation.
The DLHS-3 which is the third in the series proceeded by DLHS-1 in 1998-99 & DLHS-2 IN 200204 is designed to provide estimates on maternal & child health, family planning & other reproductive health services. For the first time, a population linked facility survey has been conducted in DLHS-3.It covers then all the District Hospitals, Community Health Centre, Primary Health Centers & all Sub Centre. Field work in Madhya Pradesh was conducted during Dec 2007 to May 2008, gathering information from 51,419 households.
Water Crisis in Madhya Pradesh
As per the District Level Household Survey – 3 conducted by the International Institute for Population Sciences (Deemed University) Mumbai shows that the supply of Water through Tap is on decrease. In 2002-04 DLHS -2 survey 27.6% households in the state used to get tapped water, but it has gone down in 2007-08 to the level of 18.1% in Madhya Pradesh.
As far as rural areas are concerned, the survey shows the declining trends, the tapped water supply in rural areas also gone down by 5.7%, from 11.7% to 6.0%. This survey includes piped into dwelling, piped to yard/plot, public tap/standpipe. The other dimension of this analysis proves that the dependency on ground water is increasingly rapidly.
Drought is becoming a regular phenomenon in Madhya Pradesh. In last 15 years 14 to 39 districts have been facing the distress situations of drought every year. As per the reports of Madhya Pradesh Public Health Engineering Department there were 9000 habitations were provided with less then 40 liter water per person per day. This is the amount of water considered to be the minimum requirement for an individual to fill the daily needs. Alarmingly the numbers of habitations in crisis have now gone up to 15000 in the Year 2007-08, Department’s report says. In continuation to the same context, the number of habitations having “no water source” has also increased by more then 5 time then the 2001 situation. There were 448 habitations were identified in “no water source category”, but in the year 2007-08, it has gone up to 2000 habitations.
Water has been an issue being talked about on various forums but no governments bothered to have debates on the causes of water crisis like losing community control over water resources, deforestation, privatization and marketisation of water and extreme industrial use. The studies of Central Ground Water Board have put 6 blocks on most crisis zone, where more then 100% ground water. There are 65 development blocks, which have consumed 65 to 100% of water. The Central Ground Water Board report also says that the water level of more then 40.73% open wells has decreased by 2 meter and in many of the locations it has gone down by 4 meter. It is a caution for the future government. This biggest curse is that our representatives and political leaders do not have a perspective of handling the crisis of water in a sustainable manner.
Governments in Madhya Pradesh have spent Rs. 265 Crore just to protect the life lines of Bhopal – the Bhopal lakes. But even after that huge expenditure, this year the well known lake of Bhopal is facing the worst crisis ever. Now more then 250 farmers have entered into the dry land of this lake and have started farming. A very formal legal step has been taken against them, but this encroachment is purely a political event, which is going to get protection for the real-estate lobby.
Findings of District Level House Hold and Facility Survey - Madhya Pradesh |
S.No. |
District |
DLHS-3 |
DLHS-2 |
|
|
Total |
Rural |
Total |
Rural |
1. |
Balaghat |
9.3 |
4.2 |
11.1 |
3.1 |
2. |
Barwani |
20.8 |
8.3 |
37.1 |
29.4 |
3. |
Betul |
27.4 |
14.8 |
31.6 |
22.1 |
4. |
Bhind |
12.9 |
4.8 |
17.3 |
5.1 |
5. |
Bhopal |
65.8 |
4.6 |
71.9 |
3.5 |
6. |
Chhatarpur |
6 |
1.9 |
10.5 |
4.9 |
7. |
Chhindwara |
23.3 |
6.5 |
40.3 |
28.1 |
8. |
Damoh |
12.9 |
5.9 |
26 |
20.5 |
9. |
Datia |
18.9 |
7.1 |
27.4 |
15.4 |
10. |
Dewas |
23 |
7.1 |
20.6 |
5.6 |
11. |
Dhar |
21.4 |
7.7 |
25.4 |
19.8 |
12. |
Dindori |
5.5 |
1.8 |
3.7 |
0.6 |
13. |
East Nimar |
30.4 |
11.9 |
36.3 |
17.6 |
14. |
Guna |
14.6 |
3.6 |
25 |
15.7 |
15. |
Gwalior |
34 |
3.3 |
55.2 |
9.3 |
16. |
Harda |
21.3 |
4.2 |
35.6 |
22.3 |
17. |
Hoshangabad |
27.4 |
11.6 |
38.7 |
27.4 |
18. |
Indore |
45.1 |
15.3 |
48.5 |
15.8 |
19. |
Jabalpur |
44.1 |
5.9 |
58.9 |
14.5 |
20. |
Jhabua |
6.2 |
1.5 |
7.3 |
0.9 |
21. |
Katni |
16.5 |
6 |
26.5 |
12.6 |
22. |
Mandla |
10.4 |
1.5 |
15.9 |
7.8 |
23. |
Mandsaur |
17.7 |
11.1 |
23.5 |
10.2 |
24. |
Morena |
18.6 |
5.4 |
17.1 |
5 |
25. |
Narasimhapur |
17.5 |
6.2 |
44 |
35.9 |
26. |
Neemach |
36.1 |
16 |
45 |
32.5 |
27. |
Panna |
6.8 |
2.1 |
16.9 |
11.9 |
28. |
Raisen |
13.3 |
6.3 |
21.8 |
12.5 |
29. |
Rajgarh |
13.2 |
2.6 |
15.5 |
5 |
30. |
Ratlam |
24.7 |
7.6 |
32.1 |
10.4 |
31. |
Rewa |
1.8 |
0.9 |
18.1 |
12.5 |
32. |
Sagar |
19.3 |
5.3 |
21.8 |
9.9 |
33. |
Satna |
10.7 |
2.3 |
12.4 |
5 |
34. |
Sehore |
10.1 |
1.9 |
16 |
8.5 |
35. |
Seoni |
8.3 |
2.7 |
17.6 |
9.8 |
36. |
Shadol |
11.2 |
0.2 |
18.4 |
3.5 |
37. |
Shajapur |
16.2 |
3.4 |
20.5 |
11.7 |
38. |
Sheopur |
13.5 |
3.7 |
16.8 |
3.6 |
39. |
Shivpuri |
5.8 |
3.5 |
12.7 |
3.4 |
40. |
Sidhi |
0.8 |
0.4 |
20.5 |
9.3 |
41. |
Tikamgarh |
5.5 |
3.7 |
11.4 |
5.8 |
42. |
Ujjain |
31.3 |
7.5 |
33.4 |
10.7 |
43. |
Umaria |
6.6 |
0.5 |
13.5 |
3.6 |
44. |
Vidisha |
18.4 |
6.8 |
18.3 |
6.4 |
45. |
West Nimar |
37.7 |
27.1 |
42.1 |
33.7 |
|
Madhya Pradesh |
18.1 |
6 |
27.6 |
11.7 |
Some important indicators
Piped drinking water in DLHS 2 includes tap (inside residence/yard/plot) or tap (share/public) or hand pump/bore well, well covered; DLHS 3 includes piped into dwelling, piped to yard/plot, public tap/standpipe.
Survey period - December 2007 to May 2008 and it covered 51419 household in all the districts of Madhya Pradesh.
DLHS-3 Survey conducted by - International Institute for Population Sciences (Deemed University) Mumbai, For the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
Sachin Kumar Jain |
